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A probe of student´s knowledge of photosynthesis at the lower-secondary school
ZÁSTĚRA, Štěpán
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to use a questionnaire survey to determine the bachelor's knowledge of photosynthesis of pupils at the 2nd grade of primary school. The literature review describes photosynthesis and its phases, its inclusion in the FEP, the occurrence of photosynthesis in textbooks and misconceptions of students about photosynthesis. The methodology describes questionnaires for students and teachers, as well as the organization of surveys in schools and evaluation of results. The final part contains an evaluation of selected questions from the questionnaire. There were 186 pupils from five primary schools who took part in the questionnaire survey. The evaluation of the questionnaires confirms the occurrence of misconceptions among pupils regarding photosynthesis, which are mentioned in the literature review, at the interviewed schools. Furthermore, the questionnaire shows that students appreciated another form of teaching botany in the subject of biology (teaching with real natural products, quizzes, laboratory tasks).
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Impact of the use of CLIL method in Biology lessons at lower-secondary level in relation to level of acquired knowledge and skills
HARTLOVÁ, Natálie
The presented diploma thesis is focused on the creation of worksheets that are consistent with the CLIL method (content and language integrated learning). The literary research deals with integrated learning and the approaches used in practise (e. g. CLIL, STEM). There are described the fundamental principles of CLIL teaching, the required competencies of the CLIL teachers, the techniques of planning CLIL lessons and their fundamental structure. There are also described distance education and modern technologies that can be used in education. The teaching methods are part of the literary research as well and these methods relate to the created didactic materials. The main aim of this diploma thesis was to create teaching materials that connect the teaching of the English language and the chosen topic of Biology. The created CLIL materials are designed for the pupils of the 9th grade of secondary schools, and they deal with the topic of the energy industry. All created materials respect the 4C system, which is one of the tools how to prepare lessons where the CLIL method is used. The chosen learning activities were verified in practise and the course of this verification is described in the methodical part of this thesis. The sub-goal of this thesis was to evaluate the impact of the teaching materials in relation to the level of acquired knowledge and skills. There are also described some of the methodical recommendations.
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Critical issues of curricula in human biology at lower-secondary level from the in-service teachers' point of view
POSPÍCHAL, Bedřich
The diploma thesis identifies critical issues of Biology curriculum, specifically in the field of Human biology at lower-secondary level. The theoretical part describes the general principles of creating curricular content, explains the concept of "critical issues of the curriculum" and possible causes of their formation, summarizes selected researches on specific critical issues of biology curriculum with emphasis on human biology, including common students' misconceptions related to this educational content. The practical part is divided into two parts. Firstly, the critical issues of the biology were mapped by questionnaire survey. The interviews with the selected teacher were realized based on the findings from the questionnaire survey and these interviews provided more detailed analysis of critical issues in Human biology from teachers' point of view. The teachers mentioned the endocrine and nervous system as a critical issues in lessons focused on Human biology. The main reasons causing the problems in these topics are overfilled curriculum and insufficient time in classes. Difficult didactic transformation or missing didactical or methodological materials were also mentioned in relation to the teaching of these topics. Teachers also consider these issues to be critical for pupils, especially because of the amount of curriculum and high demands on pupils' imagination The thesis also contains several activities that could help facilitate the teaching of the endocrine system as well as methodological suggestions for their implementation into the practice.
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The CLIL method - preparation of materials connecting German language and Biology teaching
HAŠKOVÁ, Tereza
This Bachelor Thesis' aim was to design two teaching units according to the principles CLIL method (Content and Language Integrated Learning). This method allows to connect the teaching of a non-language-based subject (such as natural sciences at the elementary school, or Biology at the highschool level) with teaching of a foreign language - in this particular case the German language. The worksheets were specially designed for teaching of Human biology, concretely the respiratory and circulatory system curriculum.
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Suggestions for Teaching the Topic Water at Lower-secondary School
Vávra, Vojtěch ; Pavlasová, Lenka (advisor) ; Hlaváčová, Lucie (referee)
The work deals with current trends in the didactics of the educational field of Man and Nature, especially project-based teaching and the integration of science subjects. The goal of the thesis is to design and evaluate teaching that is devoted to the topic of Water in various thematic areas of the cross-cutting topic of Environmental Education, using different teaching methods. The evaluation takes place on the basis of reflections from pupils and other pedagogues and, in addition to suggestions for methods, forms and organization of teaching, monitors the fulfillment of cognitive and affective goals. The results show that the educational goals were fulfilled with the help of this lesson. At the end, specific proposals are formulated for improving and streamlining the entire teaching.
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Teaching Mendelian inheritance by didactic game
Lišková, Kateřina ; Janštová, Vanda (advisor) ; Mourek, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the education of genetics to grammar schools and students' comprehension of genetics. This abstract scientific discipline is considered difficult to learn so I decided to prepare educational materials with the aim to improve students' understanding of the topic. The main aim of the thesis was to prepare and test a didactic game focused on Mendelian inheritance and compare the effectivity of this kind of interactive education compared with the classical explanatory style of education. Other aims included evaluating the influence of other variables; comparing the difficulty of individual terms in genetics and the connection within chosen triplet of terms; and identifying the most common misconceptions. The data was collected in four classes of upper graders at two grammar schools by newly prepared questionnaire focused on demographic and knowledge. The results showed that the didactic game was as efficient as the classical explanatory method at creating short term knowledge Students had a bigger problem with explaining the connection among the terms than defining the individual terms. The most complicated term reported by the students was chromosome. It was the only term in which there wasn't any improvement between pre-test and post-test. Part of this thesis is also...
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Lower-Secondary Students' Attitudes towards Selected Topics of Human Biology
POSPÍCHAL, Bedřich
The bachelor thesis deals with lower-secondary pupils' attitudes to selected topics from Human biology. The literature review focused on curricular documents and the concept of teaching Human biology and its goals at selected schools. There is the simplified analysis of selected human biology textbooks and researches with the similar objective as this thesis. The attitudes of basic school pupils were investigated with questionnaire survey. This survey included 220 pupils from selected schools in Vysočina Region. The questionnaire was also given to the teachers at these schools to find out additional information and compare their answers with pupils' answers. The results show that more than half of respondents consider human biology as interesting topic and they have positive attitude to it. Among interesting organ systems pupils mentioned reproductive and muscular systems. On the other hand, the nervous and vascular systems are considered as the least interesting topics in this field. They had also negative attitude to Latin terminology. Pupils stressed out the importance of the first aid knowledge as a part of Human biology lessons. They also mentioned the teacher as the crucial factor influencing their attitude to particular topics.
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Approaches to Biology Teaching in Alternative Upper Secondary Schools
Svobodová, Renata ; Pavlasová, Lenka (advisor) ; Skýbová, Jana (referee)
This master's thesis is concerned with biology teaching in alternative schools providing upper secondary education in the Czech Republic. Its aim is to describe and compare the teaching of biology at selected alternative secondary schools based on three case studies. The selected schools are Gymnázium Na Zatlance with alternative programme ALT, Gymnázium Přírodní škola and Waldorfské lyceum Praha. The chosen strategy of the performed qualitative research was a cross-case study, data were obtained by direct observation of the lessons, individual interviews with teachers, group interviews with pupils and document analysis. The concept of biology teaching in selected schools is elaborately analysed, including the description of specific lessons. In addition, the ideological basis, the organisation and evaluation in each school is analysed too. Comparison of selected schools identified common characteristic features such as emphasis on personal development of pupils, non-traditional teaching organisation, evaluation without school grades, frequent excursions, respecting approach towards pupils and deviation from systematics in biology teaching. The thesis provides a deep insight into biology teaching in alternative secondary schools, which is an under-represented area of the Czech education system....
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Students' inquiry skills in biology lessons at selected schools in Ceske Budejovice and surroundings
MARTINCOVÁ, Kateřina
The aim of the bachelor thesis was to ascertain the level of pupils' inquiry skills during biology lessons at selected grammar schools and secondary schools in České Budějovice. The data was obtained using a didactic test focused on the individual steps characteristic for the inquiry based tasks. A partial objective was to perform questionnaire survey with biology teachers. The questionnaire was focused mainly on the teachers' experience with inquiry based education and also served for comparison of pupils' responses and their teachers' responses. The survey was carried out at four selected grammar schools and one secondary school in České Budějovice. There were involved students from all study programmes (four-year, upper cycle of six-year and eight-year grammar school) in the survey. In total 451 pupils participated in this study. The results showed that pupils achieved average results in a didactic test focused on inquiry skills. In this survey, pupils had the highest successful in their content knowledge in relation to the inquiry activity. The pupils also achieved relatively good results in terms of interpreting the data. However a below-average result was found in the pupils' ability to formulate their hypothesis and explain scientific phenomena. Pupils also had difficulties with evaluating and designing natural science research and with deducing conclusion. The cause of these results may be the lower rate of implementing the inquiry tasks in teaching, which was confirmed in the questionnaires obtained from the selected biology teachers, who stated that although these tasks take part in the teaching, they include them rather sporadically because these tasks are time-consuming and the preparation and realization of them are usually difficult.
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